د ويکيپېډيا، وړیا پوهنغونډ له خوا
Bismuth, 83Bi |
|
| Pronunciation | /ˈbɪzməθ/
BIZ-məth |
|---|
| Appearance | lustrous brownish silver |
|---|
|
|
|
| اټومي شمیره (Z) | 83 |
|---|
| گروپ, پیریود | group 15 (pnictogens), period 6 |
|---|
| بلاک | p-block |
|---|
| Element category | post-transition metal |
|---|
| معياري اټومي وزن (Ar) | کينډۍ:Val[۱] |
|---|
| Electron configuration | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3 |
|---|
Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5 |
|---|
|
| حالت (at STP) | جامد |
|---|
| دويلې کيدو ټکى | 544.7 K (271.5 °C, 520.7 °F) |
|---|
| يشنا ټکی | 1837 K (1564 °C, 2847 °F) |
|---|
| Density near r.t. | 9.78 g/cm3 |
|---|
| when liquid, at m.p. | 10.05 g/cm3 |
|---|
| Heat of fusion | 11.30 kJ/mol |
|---|
| Heat of vaporization | 179 kJ/mol |
|---|
| Molar heat capacity | 25.52 J/(mol·K) |
|---|
Vapor pressure
| P (Pa)
|
1
|
10
|
100
|
1 k
|
10 k
|
100 k
|
| at T (K)
|
941
|
1041
|
1165
|
1325
|
1538
|
1835
| |
|
| Oxidation states | 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1, −2, −3 (a mildly acidic oxide) |
|---|
| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 2.02 |
|---|
| Ionization energies | - 1st: 703 kJ/mol
- 2nd: 1610 kJ/mol
- 3rd: 2466 kJ/mol
- (more)
|
|---|
| Atomic radius | empirical: 156 pm |
|---|
| Covalent radius | 148±4 pm |
|---|
| Van der Waals radius | 207 pm |
|---|
|
| Crystal structure | rhombohedral[۲] Rhombohedral crystal structure for bismuth |
|---|
| Speed of sound thin rod | 1790 m/s (at 20 °C) |
|---|
| Thermal expansion | 13.4 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
|---|
| د تودوخې تېرېدنه | 7.97 W/(m·K) |
|---|
| Electrical resistivity | 1.29 µΩ·m (at 20 °C) |
|---|
| Magnetic ordering | diamagnetic |
|---|
| Magnetic susceptibility (χmol) | −280.1·10−6 cm3/mol[۳] |
|---|
| Young's modulus | 32 GPa |
|---|
| Shear modulus | 12 GPa |
|---|
| Bulk modulus | 31 GPa |
|---|
| Poisson ratio | 0.33 |
|---|
| Mohs hardness | 2.25 |
|---|
| Brinell hardness | 70–95 MPa |
|---|
| CAS Number | 7440-69-9 |
|---|
|
| Discovery | Claude François Geoffroy (1753) |
|---|
|
|
|
| | references | in Wikidata |
بېسموت (په انگرېزي: Bismuth) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د Bi سمبول او ۸۳ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.
- ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities at line 38: bad argument #1 to 'ipairs' (table expected, got nil).
- ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities at line 38: bad argument #1 to 'ipairs' (table expected, got nil).
- ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities at line 38: bad argument #1 to 'ipairs' (table expected, got nil).
|
 دا ليکنه نابشپړه ده، تاسې ددې ليکنې په بشپړولو کې د ويکيپېډيا سره مرسته کولای شئ.
|
