Jump to content

سېزيوم

د ويکيپېډيا، وړیا پوهنغونډ له خوا
(له Caesium نه مخ گرځېدلی)
Caesium,  55Cs
Some pale gold metal, with a liquid-like texture and lustre, sealed in a glass ampoule
Some pale gold metal, with a liquid-like texture and lustre, sealed in a glass ampoule
A colour spectrum
A colour spectrum
Spectral lines of caesium
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation /ˈsziəm/
SEE-zee-əm
Alternative namecesium (US, informal)
Appearancepale gold
Caesium په دوراني جدول کې
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
Rb

Cs

Fr
xenoncaesiumbarium
اټومي شمیره (Z)55
گروپ, پیریودgroup 1 (alkali metals), period 6
بلاکs-block
Element category  alkali metal
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)کينډۍ:Val[۱]
Electron configuration[Xe] 6s1
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 1
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى301.7 K ​(28.5 °C, ​83.3 °F)
يشنا ټکی944 K ​(671 °C, ​1240 °F)
Density near r.t.1.93 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.1.843 g/cm3
Critical point1938 K, 9.4 MPa[۲]
Heat of fusion2.09 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization63.9 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity32.210 J/(mol·K)
Vapour pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 418 469 534 623 750 940
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states+1, −1[۳] ​(a strongly basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 0.79
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 375.7 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 2234.3 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3400 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 265 pm
Covalent radius244±11 pm
Van der Waals radius343 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structurebody-centred cubic (bcc)
Bodycentredcubic crystal structure for caesium
Bodycentredcubic crystal structure for caesium
Thermal expansion97 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه35.9 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity205 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[۴]
Young's modulus1.7 GPa
Bulk modulus1.6 GPa
Mohs hardness0.2
Brinell hardness0.14 MPa
CAS Number7440-46-2
History
Namingfrom Latin Script error: The function "Lang" does not exist., sky blue, for its spectral colours
DiscoveryRobert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff (1860)
First isolationCarl Setterberg (1882)
Main isotopes of caesium
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
133Cs 100% stable

کينډۍ:Infobox element/isotopes decay2

135Cs trace 2.3×106 y β 135Ba
137Cs syn 30.17 y[۵] β 137Ba
| references | in Wikidata

سېزيوم (په انگرېزي: Caesium) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د Cs سمبول او ۵۵ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

مشخصات

[سمول]

تاریخچه

[سمول]

مرکبات

[سمول]

د استعمال ځایونه

[سمول]

سرچينې

[سمول]
  1. Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
  2. کينډۍ:RubberBible92nd
  3. Dye, J. L. (1979). "Compounds of Alkali Metal Anions". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 18 (8): 587–598. doi:10.1002/anie.197905871.
  4. "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (87th ed.). CRC press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3. نه اخيستل شوی 2010-09-26.
  5. "NIST Radionuclide Half-Life Measurements". NIST. نه اخيستل شوی 2011-03-13.

دا ليکنه نابشپړه ده، تاسې ددې ليکنې په بشپړولو کې د ويکيپېډيا سره مرسته کولای شئ.