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تېربيوم

د ويکيپېډيا، وړیا پوهنغونډ له خوا
(له Terbium نه مخ گرځېدلی)
Terbium,  65Tb
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation /ˈtɜrbiəm/
TUR-bee-əm
Appearancesilvery white
Terbium په دوراني جدول کې
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)


Tb

Bk
gadoliniumterbiumdysprosium
اټومي شمیره (Z)65
گروپ, پیریودgroup n/a, period 6
بلاکf-block
Element category  lanthanide
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)کينډۍ:Val[۱]
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى1629 K ​(1356 °C, ​2473 °F)
يشنا ټکی3396 K ​(3123 °C, ​5653 °F)
Density near r.t.8.23 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.7.65 g/cm3
Heat of fusion10.15 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization391 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity28.91 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1789 1979 (2201) (2505) (2913) (3491)
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states4, 3, 2, 1 ​(a weakly basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.2 (?)
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 565.8 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1110 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2114 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 177 pm
Covalent radius194±5 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structurehexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for terbium
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for terbium
Speed of sound thin rod2620 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansionat r.t. α, poly: 10.3 µm/(m·K)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه11.1 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivityα, poly: 1.150 µΩ·m (at r.t.)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic at 300 K
Magnetic susceptibility (χmol)+146,000·10−6 cm3/mol (273 K)[۲]
Young's modulusα form: 55.7 GPa
Shear modulusα form: 22.1 GPa
Bulk modulusα form: 38.7 GPa
Poisson ratioα form: 0.261
Vickers hardness450–865 MPa
Brinell hardness675–1200 MPa
CAS Number7440-27-9
History
Namingafter Ytterby (Sweden), where it was mined
Discovery and first isolationCarl Gustaf Mosander (1842)
Main isotopes of terbium
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
157Tb syn 71 y ε 157Gd

کينډۍ:Infobox element/isotopes decay2

159Tb 100% stable
| references | in Wikidata

تېربيوم (په انگرېزي: Terbium) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د Tb سمبول او ۶۵ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

مشخصات

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تاریخچه

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مرکبات

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د استعمال ځایونه

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سرچينې

[سمول]
  1. Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
  2. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

دا ليکنه نابشپړه ده، تاسې ددې ليکنې په بشپړولو کې د ويکيپېډيا سره مرسته کولای شئ.