کينډۍ:Infobox sodium

Sodium,  ₁₁Na

Spectral lines of sodium
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation	/ˈsoʊdiəm/ SOH-dee-əm
Appearance	silvery white metallic
Sodium په دوراني جدول کې
Li ↑ Na ↓ K neon ← sodium → magnesium ‍
اټومي شمیره (Z)	11
گروپ, پیریود	group 1 (alkali metals), period 3
بلاک	s-block
Element category	alkali metal
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)	کينډۍ:Val
Electron configuration	[Ne] 3s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 1
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)	جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى	370.944 K ​(97.794 °C, ​208.029 °F)
يشنا ټکی	1156.090 K ​(882.940 °C, ​1621.292 °F)
Density near r.t.	0.968 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	0.927 g/cm3
Critical point	2573 K, 35 MPa (extrapolated)
Heat of fusion	2.60 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	97.42 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	28.230 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 554 617 697 802 946 1153
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states	+1, −1 ​(a strongly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 0.93
Ionization energies	1st: 495.8 kJ/mol 2nd: 4562 kJ/mol 3rd: 6910.3 kJ/mol (more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 186 pm
Covalent radius	166±9 pm
Van der Waals radius	227 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​body-centered cubic (bcc) Body-centered cubic crystal structure for sodium
Speed of sound thin rod	3200 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	71 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه	142 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	47.7 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility (χmol)	+16.0·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)
Young's modulus	10 GPa
Shear modulus	3.3 GPa
Bulk modulus	6.3 GPa
Mohs hardness	0.5
Brinell hardness	0.69 MPa
CAS Number	7440-23-5
History
Discovery and first isolation	Humphry Davy (1807)
Main isotopes of sodium
آيسو­ټوپ Abun­dance نیم ژوند (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct 22Na trace 2.602 y β+ 22Ne 23Na 100% stable 24Na trace 14.96 h β− 24Mg

Element navigation

PTsodiumPT

Ne ←

iso 11Na ibox    wd:Q658

→ Mg

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