کينډۍ:Infobox magnesium

Magnesium, ₁₂Mg
	Spectral lines of magnesium
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation	/mæɡˈniːziəm/ ; mag-NEE-zee-əm
Appearance	shiny grey solid
Magnesium په دوراني جدول کې
sodium ← magnesium → aluminium	‍
اټومي شمیره (Z)	12
گروپ, پیریود	group 2 (alkaline earth metals), period 3
بلاک	s-block
Element category	alkaline earth metal
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)	[24.304, 24.307]; conventional: 24.305;
Electron configuration	[Ne] 3s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 2
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)	جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى	923 K (650 °C, 1202 °F)
يشنا ټکی	1363 K (1091 °C, 1994 °F)
Density near r.t.	1.738 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	1.584 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	8.48 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	128 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.869 J/(mol·K)
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states	+2, +1 (a strongly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.31
Ionization energies	1st: 737.7 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1450.7 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 7732.7 kJ/mol ; (more) ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 160 pm
Covalent radius	141±7 pm
Van der Waals radius	173 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	hexagonal close-packed (hcp) Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for magnesium
Speed of sound thin rod	4940 m/s (at r.t.) (annealed)
Thermal expansion	24.8 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه	156 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	43.9 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility (χmol)	+13.1·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)
Young's modulus	45 GPa
Shear modulus	17 GPa
Bulk modulus	45 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.290
Mohs hardness	1–2.5
Brinell hardness	44–260 MPa
CAS Number	7439-95-4
History
Naming	after Magnesia, Greece
Discovery	Joseph Black (1755)
First isolation	Humphry Davy (1808)
Main isotopes of magnesium
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Element navigation

PTmagnesiumPT

Na ←

iso
12Mg

ibox E

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→ Al

سرچينې

د سرچينو همدا لړليک په ليکنه کې نه ښکاري.

↑ Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
↑ Bernath, P. F.; Black, J. H.; Brault, J. W. (1985). "The spectrum of magnesium hydride" (PDF). Astrophysical Journal. 298: 375. Bibcode:1985ApJ...298..375B. doi:10.1086/163620. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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[CIAAW2016-1] Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)

[2] Bernath, P. F.; Black, J. H.; Brault, J. W. (1985). "The spectrum of magnesium hydride" (PDF). Astrophysical Journal. 298: 375. Bibcode:1985ApJ...298..375B. doi:10.1086/163620. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)

[3] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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