کينډۍ:Infobox gold

Gold, ₇₉Au
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation	/ˈɡoʊld/ ; GOHLD
Appearance	metallic yellow
Gold په دوراني جدول کې
platinum ← gold → mercury	‍
اټومي شمیره (Z)	79
گروپ, پیریود	group 11, period 6
بلاک	d-block
Element category	transition metal
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)	کينډۍ:Val
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)	جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى	1337.33 K (1064.18 °C, 1947.52 °F)
يشنا ټکی	3243 K (2970 °C, 5378 °F)
Density near r.t.	19.30 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	17.31 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	12.55 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	342 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.418 J/(mol·K)
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states	5, 3, 2, 1, −1, −2, −3 (an amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.54
Ionization energies	1st: 890.1 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1980 kJ/mol ; ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 144 pm
Covalent radius	136±6 pm
Van der Waals radius	166 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic (fcc) Face centered cubic crystal structure for gold
Speed of sound thin rod	2030 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	14.2 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه	318 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	22.14 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility (χmol)	−28.0·10−6 cm3/mol (at 296 K)
Tensile strength	120 MPa
Young's modulus	79 GPa
Shear modulus	27 GPa
Bulk modulus	180 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.4
Mohs hardness	2.5
Vickers hardness	188–216 MPa
Brinell hardness	188–245 MPa
CAS Number	7440-57-5
History
Naming	from Latin [aurum] تېروتنه: {{Lang}}: ليکنې چې اېټاليک بڼه لري (لارښود), meaning gold
Discovery	In the Middle East (before 6000 BCE)
Main isotopes of gold
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Element navigation

PTgoldPT

Pt ←

iso
79Au

ibox E

wd:Q897

→ Hg

سرچينې

د سرچينو همدا لړليک په ليکنه کې نه ښکاري.

↑ Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
↑ "Standard Atomic Weights 2013". Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights.
↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
↑ Kelly, P.F. (2015). Properties of Materials. CRC Press. p. 355. ISBN 978-1-4822-0624-1.

کينډۍ لاسوند[جوړول]

سمونگران د دې کينډۍ په ازمونمخ (جوړول | هېنداره) او ازمونځايونه (جوړول) مخونو کې خپلې تجربې کولای شي.
د دې کينډۍ څېرمه مخونه.

[CIAAW2016-1] Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)

[IUPAC-2] "Standard Atomic Weights 2013". Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights.

[3] Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

[4] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

[5] Kelly, P.F. (2015). Properties of Materials. CRC Press. p. 355. ISBN 978-1-4822-0624-1.

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