د "نخاعي شريان" د بڼو تر مېنځ توپير
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'''نخاعي شريان''' چې د '''vertebral arteries''' په نوم سره پېژندل کېږي د سبکلېويان شريانونو «subclavian arteries» څانګې دي او له همدغه وروستي نومېدلي شريانونو نه منشا اخلي . |
'''نخاعي شريان''' چې د '''vertebral arteries''' په نوم سره پېژندل کېږي د سبکلېويان شريانونو «subclavian arteries» څانګې دي او له همدغه وروستي نومېدلي شريانونو نه منشا اخلي . |
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==Cervical== |
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They arise, one on each side of the body, then enter deep to the transverse process of the level of the 6th [[cervical vertebrae]] (C6). |
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It then proceeds superiorly, under the [[transverse process]] of each [[cervical vertebra]] until C1. |
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This path is largely parallel to, but distinct from, the route of the [[carotid artery]] ascending through the neck. |
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At the C1 level the vertebral arteries travel across the posterior arch of the [[atlas]] before entering the [[foramen magnum]]. |
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==Cranial== |
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Inside the skull, the two vertebral arteries join up to form the [[basilar artery]] at the base of the [[medulla oblongata]]. |
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The [[basilar artery]] is the main blood supply to the [[brainstem]] and connects to the [[Circle of Willis]] to potentially supply the rest of the brain if there is compromise to one of the [[carotid artery|carotids]]. |
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At each cervical level, the vertebral artery sends branches to the surrounding musculature via [[anterior spinal arteries]]. |
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==Division into four parts== |
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The vertebral artery may be divided into four parts: |
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===لومړنۍ برخه=== |
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The first part runs upward and backward between the [[Longus colli]] and the [[Scalenus anterior]]. |
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In front of it are the [[internal jugular]] and [[vertebral vein]]s, and it is crossed by the [[inferior thyroid artery]]; the left vertebral is crossed by the [[thoracic duct]] also. |
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Behind it are the transverse process of the seventh [[cervical vertebra]], the [[sympathetic trunk]] and its [[inferior cervical ganglion]]. |
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===دهمه برخه=== |
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The second part runs upward through the [[foramina]] in the [[transverse processes]] of the upper six cervical vertebræ, and is surrounded by branches from the inferior cervical sympathetic ganglion and by a plexus of veins which unite to form the vertebral vein at the lower part of the neck. |
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It is situated in front of the trunks of the cervical nerves, and pursues an almost vertical course as far as the [[transverse process of the atlas]], above which it runs upward and lateralward to the foramen in the transverse process of the atlas. |
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===Third part=== |
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The third part issues from the latter foramen on the medial side of the [[Rectus capitis lateralis]], and curves backward behind the [[superior articular process of the atlas]], the anterior ramus of the first cervical nerve being on its medial side; it then lies in the groove on the upper surface of the posterior arch of the atlas, and enters the vertebral canal by passing beneath the [[posterior atlantoöccipital membrane]]. |
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This part of the artery is covered by the [[Semispinalis capitis]] and is contained in the [[suboccipital triangle]]—a triangular space bounded by the [[Rectus capitis posterior major]], the [[Obliquus superior]], and the [[Obliquus inferior]]. |
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The first cervical or [[suboccipital nerve]] lies between the artery and the [[posterior arch]] of the atlas. |
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===Fourth part=== |
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The fourth part pierces the [[dura mater]] and inclines medialward to the front of the [[medulla oblongata]]; it is placed between the [[hypoglossal nerve]] and the anterior root of the first cervical nerve and beneath the first digitation of the [[ligamentum denticulatum]]. |
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At the lower border of the [[pons]] it unites with the vessel of the opposite side to form the [[basilar artery]]. |
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==Asymmetry== |
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The left vertebral artery is usually larger and [[volumetric flow rate|carries more blood]].<ref>{{cite journal |author= |title=Doppler sonography evaluation of flow velocity and volume of the extracranial internal carotid and vertebral arteries in healthy adults |journal=J Clin Ultrasound |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=27-33 |year=2007 |id=PMID 17149761}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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*[[Arcuate foramen]] |
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==References== |
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⚫ | |||
==Additional images== |
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<gallery> |
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Image:Gray384.png|Section of the neck at about the level of the sixth cervical vertebra. |
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Image:Gray516.png|The arteries of the base of the brain. |
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Image:Circle of Willis en.svg|Diagram of the arterial circulation at the base of the brain. |
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Image:Gray792.png|Upper part of medulla spinalis and hind- and mid-brains; posterior aspect, exposed in situ. |
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Image:Gray800.png|Posterior primary divisions of the upper three cervical nerves. |
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</gallery> |
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==External links== |
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* {{SUNYAnatomyLabs|28|09|02|01}} |
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* {{LoyolaMedEd|Neuro/neurovasc/navigation/vert.htm}} |
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* {{UMichAtlas|n3a8p1}} |
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* {{eMedicineDictionary|Vertebral+artery}} |
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* {{NormanAnatomy|lesson5}} ({{NormanAnatomyFig|vertebralcolumnfromleftweb}}) |
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* {{RocheLexicon|13048.000-1}} |
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* {{RocheLexicon|13048.000-3}} |
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{{Arteries of head and neck}} |
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==سرچینې== |
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[[Category:Arteries]] |
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⚫ | |||
[[Category:Head and neck]] |
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[[وېشنيزه:شریانونه]] |
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[[وېشنيزه:سر او غاړه]] |
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[[ar:الشريان الفقري]] |
[[ar:الشريان الفقري]] |
د ۰۵:۳۶, ۳۰ ډيسمبر ۲۰۱۱ بڼه
Artery: Vertebral artery | |
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Arteries of the neck. The vertebral arteries arise from the subclavian arteries and join to form the basilar artery. (Vertebral is centermost of the three vertical arteries.) | |
The three major arteries of the cerebellum: the SCA, AICA, and PICA. (Vertebrals labeled at bottom.) | |
Latin | arteria vertebralis |
Gray's | subject #148 578 |
Source | subclavian arteries |
Branches | Meningeal branches Posterior spinal Anterior spinal PICA Basilar artery |
Vein | vertebral vein |
MeSH | Subclavian+Artery |
Dorlands/Elsevier | a_61/12156505 |
نخاعي شريان چې د vertebral arteries په نوم سره پېژندل کېږي د سبکلېويان شريانونو «subclavian arteries» څانګې دي او له همدغه وروستي نومېدلي شريانونو نه منشا اخلي .